Terms
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* 1921 Quota Act
* 1924 National Originals Quota Act
* Modernists vs. traditionalists (Kulturkampf in German)
* Immigration: Japan-US relations (spheres of influence)
* The Mexican exception
* Youth revolt
* John Porter: _Danger of Dance_ (_Footloose_)
* TT Martin: _Hell in High Schools_
* Automobiles, radios, and Harlem Renaissance
* Jazz; Jew-black cooperation
* 1925 Dayton, TN: John T. Scopes, evolution, Clarence Darrow, WJ Bryan
* 1920 Election (preview): WG Harding vs. Al Smith & FDR
Quota Acts
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* 1921: Quota Act attempted to bar dirty Europeans (Italians, Russian Orthodox, Catholic, Greek Orthodox)
* Different languages seen as bad; knee-jerk reaction to 1920s
* 360,000 limit on immigration, down from 2 billion [Ed: I think]
* Using the 1910 census (one every four years), limit on each minority
was 3% of that minority's population in 1910 -> minorities indefinitely
in the same ratio; favored countries that don't migrate to America much
(Irish, British)
* 1924: National Origins Quota Act lowered 360K to 160K (might as well be zero), 3% to 1%
* Reaction to Sanco-Vanzetti trial
* However, no quotas on Mexico (cheap labor) and Canada (nobody comes)
* Created a precedent of open borders with North American neighbors
* Japan-US relations tense in 1920s, completely gone in 1930s
* Japan exercised her sphere of influence in China in malevolent ways
* 1920 Election preview: A. Palmer single-handedly ruined the Democrat reputation
* Democrats lacked a viable candidate, chose A. Palmer & a young FDR
* Republican Party given free rein to limit immigration
Youth Revolts
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* Blacks mass migrated to the North, bringing culture and intellectuals
* -> Harlem Renaissance and jazz (arguably the first American style of music;
other candidates for that title: ragtime) [insert huge class discussion]
* Jews and blacks collude to start the NAACP; bond together
during Nazi Germany, which viewed blacks as most inferior second only to Jews
* Traditionalists saw it as an abomination of culture
* Youth became mobile (cars -> sex, radio -> aware of sex)
* Radios [important!] connect rural to urban America -> cultural war (Kulturkampf)
* John Porter & TT Martin denouce modernist culture (dancing leads to sin,
high schools lead to sin, &c)
Scopes Monkey Trial
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* WJ Bryan started one-man anti-evolution crusade after resigning from
Secretary of State under Woodrow Wilson
* Gets evolution banned in several states, e.g. TN
* ACLU offers free lawyer services to anyone willing to challenge anti-evolution laws
* Dayton, TN want the publicity -> PR stunt, persuaded
John Scopes to teach evolution -> arrested -> trial -> publicity
* Middle class America was dying (youth moving out) -> Dayton needed publicity
* Clarence Darrow represented Scopes
* Open and shut case: Scopes obviously violated the law ($100 fine, paid by ACLU)
* Darrow turned it into a national referendum on anti-evolution laws
* Bryan agreed to be cross-examined -> stumbled on Darrow's questions
regarding Bryan's literalist view of the Old Testament
* Bryan dies from stress and heat; loses respect too