Ch 8
Part 1 of 1 - 0.0/ 1.0 Points
Question 1 of 1 0.0/ 1.0 Points
Q43. (157.2-157.3) After two days of training a 3-month-old infant trained to kick to move the training mobile will
A. kick to move any mobile
B. kick to only the training mobile
C. kick to any swinging object
D. kick to any hanging object
Incorrect
E. kick to move any similar mobile
Feedback: No, (157.3): An infant who has learned that she can move a specific mobile will only kick when she sees that mobile.
Answer Key: B
Part 1 of 1 - 0.0/ 3.0 Points
Question 1 of 3 0.0/ 1.0 Points
Q45. In the mobile recognition paradigm the infant is connected to the mobile during
A. baseline
B. training
C. test
Incorrect
D. all of the above
Feedback: No, the infant is only connected during training. (157.2): Baseline is a measure of how often the infant kicked to the mobile before she had ever been connected to it. During acquisition, her foot was tied to the mobile by a ribbon... During the ... tests, the ribbon was on longer longer tied to the mobile
E. none of the above
Answer Key: B
Question 2 of 3 0.0/ 1.0 Points
Q47. In which condition is the 3-month-old infant most likely to kick to a mobile during test
A. Training with mobile A on day 1 and testing with mobile A on day 5
Incorrect
B. Training with mobile A on days 1 and 3, testing with mobile B on day 9
Feedback: No, a different mobile does not elicit the same response. Distributed training (days 1 and 3) of a single mobile produces better retention over a 9-day interval. (159.1): infants who received training on days 0, 2, and 8 did recognize the training mobile
C. Training with mobile A on day 1 and mobile B on day 2, testing with mobile 1 on day 9
D. Training with mobile A on days 1 and 2, testing with mobile A on day 14
E. Training with mobile A on days 1 and 3, testing with mobile A on day 9
Answer Key: E
Question 3 of 3 0.0/ 1.0 Points
Q48. One factor that influences retention of the memory of a mobile or train that an infant has learned to move is
A. The sex of the infant.
B. The age of the infant.
C. The attractiveness of the study object.
Incorrect
D. The communication skills of the infant.
Feedback: No, the correct answer is the age of the infant. (158.6): With the same amount of training older children were able to remember the mobile or train for a longer period of time.
E. The time of day of the training session.
Answer Key: B
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Ch 9
Part 1 of 1 - 0.0/ 2.0 Points
Question 1 of 2 0.0/ 1.0 Points
Q49. (163.1-6) The first aspect of language that an infant detects is
A. The most common phoneme
B. The most common word
C. Its stress pattern
Incorrect
D. Its fundamental pitch
Feedback: No, infants first notice the stress pattern of the language spoken to them. (163.1): By 5-months of age, infants can discriminate between their own language and one that has a different stress pattern
E. None of the above
Answer Key: C
Question 2 of 2 0.0/ 1.0 Points
Q51. (163.1-6) What is true about early language learning?
A. Cooing consists of stop consonants, like /t/ and /d/
B. Babbling consists only of the sounds of the language the infant hears
Incorrect
C. Babbling begins with consonant-vowel-consonant combinations containing stop consonants, like /t/ and /d/
Feedback: No, (163.6): babbling only consists of the sounds of the language that the baby hears.
D. Babbling begins with random sequences like tadedoti.
E. Adult speech to infants often contains many simple consonants, like /m/, /b/, and /p/
Answer Key: B
Part 1 of 1 - 0.0/ 4.0 Points
Question 1 of 4 0.0/ 1.0 Points
Q50. A mother and young child come into a nursery with several toys on the floor. The mother is most likely to say the name of
A. a toy that the child has not played with for awhile
B. the toy that the child played with most recently
C. a novel toy that the child has not seen before. (165.2): speakers tend to name novel objects when interacting with infants.
D. any of the toys with an equal probability
Incorrect
E. the child's favorite toy
Feedback: No, (165.2): speakers tend to name novel objects when interacting with infants.
Answer Key: C
Question 2 of 4 0.0/ 1.0 Points
Q52. Using words like camed and comed is a symptom of
A. normal language learning
B. autism
C. deep dyslexia
D. specific language impairment
Incorrect
E. agrammatism
Feedback: No, it is a part of normal language learning. (166.2): A child will sometimes regularize an irregular verb. So words like camed comed, goed, broked, and braked are all sometimes produced.
Answer Key: A
Question 3 of 4 0.0/ 1.0 Points
Q53. One measure that predicts subsequent vocabulary growth for 4-year-olds is
A. word recall
B. word repetition
Incorrect
C. word recognition
Feedback: No, (164.2): Four-year-old children wth better nonword repetition scores also come to have a wider vocabulary
D. question comprehension
E. nonword repetition
Answer Key: E
Question 4 of 4 0.0/ 1.0 Points
Q54. Autistic children have impaired language development as the result of
A. poor motor control
Incorrect
B. poor speech and hearing
Feedback: No, the impaired social relationship with the caretaker does not provide the social communication context necessary for normal language learning. (171.3) Given the severe impairments in arousal, emotions, and attachment, it should come as no surprise ... that language learning is also severely impaired.
C. attention deficit disorder
D. impaired social relations
E. poor hearing
Answer Key: D
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Ch 10
Part 1 of 1 - 1.0/ 1.0 Points
Question 1 of 1 1.0/ 1.0 Points
Q55. (318.4-5) What is the relationship between talent and intelligence?
Correct
A. There is no relationship between talent and intelligence
Feedback: Correct. (318.4): the reduced correlations for intelligent individuals suggest a limited role for g in outstanding performance.
B. Extraordinary talent is associated with above average intelligence
C. Extraordinary talent requires at least average intelligence
D. Extraordinary artistic talent is associated with below average intelligence
E. Extraordinary musical talent is associated with above average intelligence
Answer Key: A
Part 1 of 1 - 3.0/ 5.0 Points
Question 1 of 5 0.0/ 1.0 Points
Q57. What is true about Nadias drawing ability?
A. She drew primarily for her own satisfaction
B. She drew primarily to receive praise from others
Incorrect
C. Her drawing ability was one example of her generally excellent visuo-motor coordination
Feedback: No, she drew primarily for her own satisfaction. (319.5): after surveying what she had drawn, she often smiled, babbled, and hook her head and knees in glee.
D. It helped improve her social and communication skills
E. It developed because of her obsessive practice
Answer Key: A
Question 2 of 5 1.0/ 1.0 Points
D43. Whether an infant kicks to move a test mobile is a function of
A. the similarity between the training and test mobile
B. the similarity between the training and test crib liner
C. the similarity between the training and test crib
Correct
D. all of the above
Feedback: Yes, all these factors influencing whether the infant recognizes the test mobile (157.3): An infant who has learned that she can move a specific mobile will only kick when she sees that mobile. (158.4): The infant would not kick ... if the liner of is crib was different... or if the infant was in a different crib
E. none of the above
Answer Key: D
Question 3 of 5 0.0/ 1.0 Points
D45. In the mobile recognition paradigm the infant is connected to the mobile during
A. baseline
Incorrect
B. test
Feedback: No, the infant is only connected to the mobile during training. (157.2): Baseline is a measure of how often the infant kicked to the mobile before she had ever been connected to it. During acquisition, her foot was tied to the mobile by a ribbon... During the ... tests, the ribbon was on longer longer tied to the mobile
C. baseline and test
D. the retention interval
E. none of the above
Answer Key: E
Question 4 of 5 1.0/ 1.0 Points
D47. In which condition is the 3-month-old infant most likely to kick to a mobile during test
A. Training with mobile A on days 1 and 5, testing with mobile A on day 9.
B. Training with mobile A on day 1 and testing with mobile A on day 5.
C. Training with mobile A on days 1 and 2, testing with mobile A on day 9
Correct
D. Training with mobile A on days 1 and 3, testing with mobile A on day 9
Feedback: Yes, distributed training of a single mobile produces the best retention over a 9-day interval. (159.1): infants who received training on days 0, 2, and 8 did recognize the training mobile
E. Testing with mobile A on day 1 and mobile B on day 2, testing with mobile A on day 8.
Answer Key: D
Question 5 of 5 1.0/ 1.0 Points
Q48. (158.6) One factor that influences retention of the memory of a mobile or train that an infant has learned to move is
A. The attractiveness of the study object.
B. The time of day of the training session.
Correct
C. The age of the infant.
Feedback: Correct. (158.6): With the same amount of training older children were able to remember the mobile or train for a longer period of time.
D. The communication skills of the infant.
E. The sex of the infant.
Answer Key: C
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Ch 11
Part 1 of 1 - 1.0/ 2.0 Points
Question 1 of 2 1.0/ 1.0 Points
Q61. (2.2) Which causes long-term habituation or sensitization?
A. a change in the number of pre-synaptic terminals
B. a change in the number of active pre-synaptic terminals
C. a change in the number of post-synaptic receptors
D. the number of and interval between stimulus presentations
Correct
E. all of the above
Feedback: Correct.
Answer Key: E
Question 2 of 2 0.0/ 1.0 Points
Q63. (2.3-4.2) A possible neuronal mechanism contributing to learning is
A. a change in the chemical signature of the synaptic signal
B. the closing of the synaptic gap
C. a change in the permeability of the cell wall
D. a change in the strength of the synaptic signal
Incorrect
E. all of the above
Feedback: No, the correct answer is (3.1): Changes in the strength of the signal from the pre-synaptic to the post-synaptic neuron.
Answer Key: D
Part 1 of 1 - 3.0/ 10.0 Points
Question 1 of 10 1.0/ 1.0 Points
Q62. What is true about habit learning?
A. it requires a functional striatum
B. there is a strong contingent relationship between the action and reward
C. a sequence of actions is encoded
D. after extensive training, it controls long-term responses
Correct
E. all of the above
Feedback: Correct. (10.1): The striatums connections with other areas of the frontal cortex form the habit pathway. A strong contingent relationship between an action or a sequence of actions and a reward increases the probability of the action.
Answer Key: E
Question 2 of 10 1.0/ 1.0 Points
Q64. What is true about instrumental learning?
A. it requires a functional hippocampus
B. a strong positive reinforcement follows the action
C. a mental map of a location is encoded
D. it controls the response during the early stage of learning
Correct
E. all of the above
Feedback: Yes, all the responses are correct. (10:5): The instrumental pathway extends from the hippocampus. (10.2): The instrumental .... pathway may activate the construction of a mental map ...Instrumental learning is caused by the strength of the reward, i.e. the degree of pain or pleasure, its actions produce. (11.4): the operant pathway controlled the rats actions ... for the first week of training,
Answer Key: E
Question 3 of 10 0.0/ 1.0 Points
Q65. Which is true?
A. if trace conditioning is impaired then delay conditioning must be impaired
B. delay conditioning requires a functional hippocampus
C. trace conditioning does not require a functional hippocampus
D. In trace conditioning, there is a delay between the CS and the UCS
Incorrect
E. In delay conditioning, there is a delay between the CS and the UCS
Feedback: No, in trace conditioning, there is a delay between the CS and the UCS. (8.1): In trace conditioning there is a delay between the end of the conditioned stimulus and the onset of the unconditioned stimulus
Answer Key: D
Question 4 of 10 0.0/ 1.0 Points
Q66. According to the Groves and Thompson model, when a CS that has not been presented recently occurs just before a UCS
A. habituated neurons generate a weak signal
B. unhabituated neurons generate a weak signal
C. unhabituated neurons generate a strong signal
Incorrect
D. habituated neurons generate a strong signal
Feedback: No, unhabituated neurons generate a strong signal. (6.2): Since this tone has not been heard before, these neurons will be un-habituated and will generate a larger response
E. both habituated and unhabituated neurons generate a strong signal
Answer Key: C
Question 5 of 10 0.0/ 1.0 Points
D49. Infants detect the stress pattern of the language spoken to them
A. as soon as they detect the most frequent words
B. as the first step towards segmenting the speech stream into words
C. as soon as they can pronounce a few words
Incorrect
D. as soon as they detect the most frequent phonemes
Feedback: No, its stress pattern is the first aspect of language that the infant detects. (163.1): By 5-months of age, infants can discriminate between their own language and one that has a different stress pattern
E. as soon as they detect the fundamental pitch of the language
Answer Key: B
Question 6 of 10 0.0/ 1.0 Points
D50. There are several toys on the floor between the mother child. Which toy is the mother most likely to name?
A. the most colorful
B. the novel one
C. the one closest to the child
D. the largest
Incorrect
E. the most familiar
Feedback: No, (165.2): speakers tend to name novel objects when interacting with infants.
Answer Key: B
Question 7 of 10 0.0/ 1.0 Points
D51. What is true about early language learning?
A. Cooing consists only of the sounds of the language the infant hears
Incorrect
B. Babbling consists of the simple sounds of all languages
Feedback: No, in babbling (164.1): The first consonant sounds are ... typically sounds like /m/, /b/, and /p/... children ... produce reduplications of consonant-vowel combinations.
C. Babbling begins with consonant-vowel-consonant combinations containing stop consonants, like /t/ and /d/
D. Babbling begins with reduplications like mama and papa.
E. Adult speech to infants often contains many simple consonants, like /m/, /b/, and /p/
Answer Key: D
Question 8 of 10 1.0/ 1.0 Points
D52. Because they generalize inflections across similar words, children sometimes say
A. speeched
B. songed
Correct
C. goed
Feedback: Correct. (166.2): A child will sometimes regularize an irregular verb. So words like camed comed, goed, broked, and braked are all sometimes produced.
D. dirted
E. mealed
Answer Key: C
Question 9 of 10 0.0/ 1.0 Points
D53. An indication that a 4-year-old can encode the sounds of new words and hence is capable of rapid vocabulary growth is
A. good nonword repetition
B. good word repetition
C. good word recall
Incorrect
D. good word recognition
Feedback: (164.2): Four-year-old children wth better nonword repetition scores also come to have a wider vocabulary
E. good question comprehension
Answer Key: A
Question 10 of 10 0.0/ 1.0 Points
D54. Autistic children have
A. excellent singing ability
B. telegraphic speech
Incorrect
C. poor hearing
Feedback: No, (169.5); The distinct behavioral characteristics ... include an inability to develop normal relations with people
D. impaired social relations with all other people. (169.5); The distinct behavioral characteristics ... include an inability to develop normal relations with people
E. poor object recognition
Answer Key: D
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Ch 12
Part 1 of 1 - 1.0/ 1.0 Points
Question 1 of 1 1.0/ 1.0 Points
Q67. (1.1-6) What is true about serial learning?
A. It is habit learning
B. Even when responses to the sequence are faster, it cannot be recalled
C. the location of the next response is encoded
D. perceptual information that predicts the location of the next response is encoded
Correct
E. all of the above
Feedback: Correct. (1.2): explicit memory measures reveal little or no (declarative) knowledge of the sequence...(1.3): any information that predicts the location of the next stimulus or response is encoded...(1.6): These findings implicate the habit pathway as the source of knowledge in the SRT.
Answer Key: E
Part 1 of 1 - 3.0/ 5.0 Points
Question 1 of 5 0.0/ 1.0 Points
Q69. Serial learning is involved in learning how to
A. cook
B. name colors
C. use a hammer
D. recognize faces
Incorrect
E. all of the above
Feedback: No, (2.3): sequence learning is an important component of a many different everyday tasks, including cooking
Answer Key: A
Question 2 of 5 0.0/ 1.0 Points
Q71. What causes declarative learning?
A. A very simple input. A pure tone will be remembered
B. A strong emotional response. A very pretty face will be remembered.
C. An alerting stimulus. Almost anything encountered when exhaused will be remembered.
Incorrect
D. A complex stimulus that overloads the perceptual system. For example, a random letter strlng will be remembered
Feedback: No, (176.1): when an experience produces a high level of emotional arousal, a permanent representation of the event is encoded.
E. A strong odor.
Answer Key: B
Question 3 of 5 1.0/ 1.0 Points
Q72. One effect of learning a spatial or temporal task is
A. decrease, hence make more specific, the synaptic connections among neurons in the thalamus
Correct
B. increase the number of new neurons that survive
Feedback: Correct. (176.6): Most neurons born each day die, but learning a spatial or temporal task increases the number of new neurons that survive
C. increase the number of new neurons generated in the frontal cortex
D. increase the number of new neurons generated in the hippocampus
E. increase the number of new neurons generated in the temporal cortex
Answer Key: B
Question 4 of 5 1.0/ 1.0 Points
D55. What is the relationship between talent and other abilities?
A. Extraodinary musical ability is associated with above average intelligence
Correct
B. There is not a relationship between talent and other abilities
Feedback: Correct. (318.4): Academically gifted children often have lower correlations among different cognitive subtests than other children
C. Learning disability is associated with musical talent
D. Learning disability is associated with artistic talent
E. Extraordinary artistic talent is associated with below average intelligence
Answer Key: B
Question 5 of 5 1.0/ 1.0 Points
D57. What is true about Nadia's drawing ability?
Correct
A. When she was three years old, Nadia suddenly displayed extraordinary drawing ability
Feedback: correct.
B. Her drawings were close copies of things she had seen
C. She would draw obsessively for many minutes without looking up
D. Once she finished a picture, she did not look at it.
E. She liked to use different colors to enliven her drawings
Answer Key: A
---------------------------------------------
Ch 13
Part 1 of 1 - 0.0/ 1.0 Points
Question 1 of 1 0.0/ 1.0 Points
Q73. (182.3-5) The first time you heard your 9-digit student number and tried to write it down, which digits were you most likely to get wrong?
Incorrect
A. The last three.
Feedback: No, you are likely to get the first digit (primacy effect) and last three or four digits (recency effect) correct. Most errors are made in the middle. Hence the middle three is the best answer. (182.1): If recall is attempted immediately after the list is presented then working memory usually includes the articulatory representations for the last four items. The resulting high probability of recall for the last four items is called the recency effect. In addition, some earlier items, often including the first one, may have already been encoded semantically and may be generated as well. This is called the primacy effect.
B. There was an equal probability of getting each digit wrong.
C. The first three.
D. You would not get any wrong.
E. The middle three.
Answer Key: E
Part 1 of 1 - 4.0/ 9.0 Points
Question 1 of 9 1.0/ 1.0 Points
Q75. In an immediate recall task, increasing the speed of item presentation should have which effect?
A. Increased distributed rehearsal of the beginning of the study list.
B. Decreased distributed rehearsal of the end of the study list.
Correct
C. Decreased distributed rehearsal of the beginning of the study list.
Feedback: Correct. (182.3) the early words on the list are given the most rehearsals
D. Decreased distributed rehearsal of the middle of the study list.
E. Increased distributed rehearsal of the middle of the study list.
Answer Key: C
Question 2 of 9 0.0/ 1.0 Points
Q77. The best way to learn a phone number is
A. repeat the entire phone number immediately after hearing the last digit
B. repeat the entire string in reverse order as each digit is heard
C. count to seven after you hear the phone number, then repeat it
Incorrect
D. repeat each digit as it is heard
Feedback: no, it is better to listen to, and then repeat, the entire sequence. (183.2): In the rehearsal condition ... students could recognize the repeated string even after an hour delay filled with listening to other strings.
E. generate a visual image of each digit, as it is heard
Answer Key: A
Question 3 of 9 1.0/ 1.0 Points
Q78. Which name on this list would be most memorable because of the Von Restorff Effect to someone unfamiliar with college football: Cinncinati, Connecticut, Florida, Louisville, Pittsburgh, Rutgers, Syracuse, West Virginia.
Correct
A. Rutgers
Feedback: Yes, it is the only list item that is not the name of a city or state. (183.1): the distinctive item receives more rehearsals
B. Pittsburgh
C. Louisville
D. Syracuse
E. Florida
Answer Key: A
Question 4 of 9 0.0/ 1.0 Points
D65. What is true?
Incorrect
A. In trace conditioning, there is no delay between the CS and the UCS
Feedback: No, in trace conditioning there is a delay between th CS and UCS. The correct answer is trace conditioning requires a functional hippocampus. (8.2): When the hippocampus is damaged trace conditioning is eliminated in mammals.
B. In delay conditioning, there is a delay between the CS and UCS
C. trace conditioning occurs for the memory of the training event several weeks after training
D. trace conditioning requires a functional hippocampus
E. delay conditioning only occurs in the neocortex
Answer Key: D
Question 5 of 9 1.0/ 1.0 Points
D66. Suppose that medium-pitched and high-pitched tones alternate six times before an eyeblink conditioning trial. What will be an effective CS?
A. a medium-to-high-pitched tone because habituated neurons will generate a strong signal
B. a high-pitched tone because habituated neurons will generate a strong signal
Correct
C. a low-pitched tone because unhabituated neurons will generate a strong signal
Feedback: Correct, (6.2) Since this tone has not been heard before, these neurons will be un-habituated and will generate a larger response
D. a high-pitched tone because unhabituated neurons will generate a strong signal
E. a medium-pitched tone because unhabituated neurons will generate a strong signal
Answer Key: C
Question 6 of 9 0.0/ 1.0 Points
D61. Long-term sensitization is the result of
A. an increase in the number of pre-synaptic terminals
B. an increase in the amount of neurotransmitter released into the synapse by each terminal
C. an increase in the number of new neurons added to the circuit
D. an increase in the permeability of the neuron membrane
Incorrect
E. all of the above
Feedback: No, long-term sensitization is, in part, the result of an increase in the number of pre-synaptic terminals. (2.2): Kandel found that a single sensory neuron had approximately 1300 pre-synaptic terminals...In long-term sensitization, the number of pre-synaptic terminals increased to 2700
Answer Key: A
Question 7 of 9 0.0/ 1.0 Points
D64. What is true about instrumental learning?
A. it requires a functional striatum
Incorrect
B. a sequence of actions is encoded
Feedback: No, the correct answer is that a strong reinforcement follows the action. (10.2): Instrumental learning is caused by the strength of the reward, i.e. the degree of pain or pleasure, its actions produce.
C. a strong reinforcement follows the action
D. after training, it controls long-term responses
E. No, the correct answer is that a strong reinforcement follows the action. (10.2): Instrumental learning is caused by the strength of the reward, i.e. the degree of pain or pleasure, its actions produce.
Answer Key: C
Question 8 of 9 0.0/ 1.0 Points
D62. What is true about habit learning?
A. a strong positive reinforcement must follow the action
B. it occurs in the midbrain, brain stem, and spinal cord
C. there is a strong contingent relation between the action and reward
Incorrect
D. a mental map of a location is encoded
Feedback: No, (10.1) a strong contingent relationship between an action or a sequence of actions and a reward increases the probability of the action.
E. it dominates the declarative stage of learning
Answer Key: C
Question 9 of 9 1.0/ 1.0 Points
D63. Learning is associated with
A. a change in the speed of a neuronal response as the result of the myelination of its axon
B. a change in the probability of a neuronal response to a synaptic signal
C. an increase in the number of neurons
D. an increase in the number of synapses between associated neurons
Correct
E. all of the above
Feedback: Correct. (3.5): There may also be a change in the number of synapses between a pair of neurons...(3.6): The excitability of a neuron is its probability to respond to an input signal. Changes in excitability associated with learning have been found ... (3.8): Oligondendrocytes myelinate a neurons axon, which increases the speed of the neurons response. (3.9): Every day in the mammalian brain, new neurons are born... Learning increases the survival rate of one-week-old neurons
Answer Key: E
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Dont Have CH 14
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Ch 15
Part 1 of 1 - 1.0/ 1.0 Points
Question 1 of 1 1.0/ 1.0 Points
Q85. (216.5-7) Professional actors learn their lines by
A. Reading from a teleprompter during rehearsal
B. Using linking sentence mnemonics
Correct
C. Imagining they are their character after reading the script
Feedback: Correct. (216.7): actors ... read the script many times, trying to infer the motivation behind each utterance. All the actors stressed the importance of identifying the underlying meaning and of explaining why the character said those exact words.
D. Verbal rehearsal
E. Using interactive image mnemonics
Answer Key: C
Part 1 of 1 - 3.0/ 7.0 Points
Question 1 of 7 1.0/ 1.0 Points
Q87. In order to immediately encode large amounts of information, a mnemonist must
A. have a large hippocampus
Correct
B. become practiced at using a mnemonic to encode the study material
Feedback: Correct. (216.5): All three mnemonists used strategies that improve recall for average individuals as well. Their abilities are based on two major factors. First, each store in memory a vast body of knowledge about a specialized area. Second, both were highly practiced in using the knowledge to facilitate encoding. Such knowledge and skills seem to be the kind of thing that could be learned with extensive practice.
C. have a large striatum
D. have a large frontal cortex
E. an active amygdala
Answer Key: B
Question 2 of 7 0.0/ 1.0 Points
Q89. Bahrick's research suggests that if you want to remember what you learned 1-5 years later then you should study the vocabulary of a foreign language
A. every 28 days
B. every 14 days
C. every day
Incorrect
D. every 7 days
Feedback: No, the most words were remembered when the training interval was 56 days. (179.3): Intervals between training sessions were 14, 28, and 56 days. ... Recall of different words was tested at retention intervals of 1, 2, 3, and 5 years.... length of training interval increased recall.
E. every 56 days
Answer Key: E
Question 3 of 7 0.0/ 1.0 Points
Q90. Sleep increases retention of a task only if it occurs
A. up to 48 hours after training
Incorrect
B. at least the first three nights following training
Feedback: No, (180.1): improvement of task performance is absolutely dependent on the first night of post-training sleep
C. up to 96 hours after training
D. the night following training
E. after more than one training session
Answer Key: D
Question 4 of 7 1.0/ 1.0 Points
D73. Suppose that you read through your 16-digit credit card number once in preparation for typing it into a website. The digits in which positions are you must likely to get wrong?
A. First
B. Fourteenth or Fifteenth
C. Sixteenth
D. Second
Correct
E. 4th through 12th
Feedback: Correct. (182.1): If recall is attempted immediately after the list is presented then working memory usually includes the articulatory representations for the last four items. The resulting high probability of recall for the last four items is called the recency effect. In addition, some earlier items, often including the first one, may have already been encoded semantically and may be generated as well. This is called the primacy effect.
Answer Key: E
Question 5 of 7 0.0/ 1.0 Points
D75. In an immediate recall task, decreasing the speed of item presentation should least affect which portion of the recall function?
A. Recency
Incorrect
B. Primacy and Recency
Feedback: No, recency is the only part of the function that does not depend on rehearsal. (182.3): the primary and middle portions of the recall curve have virtually the same shape as the plot of number of rehearsals. (182.2): The last words in a last are... in working memory.
C. Central Portion and Recency
D. Primacy
E. Central Portion
Answer Key: A
Question 6 of 7 0.0/ 1.0 Points
D77. The best way to learn a password is
A. repeat the entire sequence in reverse order as soon as you hear it
B. have someone say it to you one character at a time and visualize each character as it is heard
C. count to seven after you hear it and then repeat it
D. repeat the entire sequence as soon as you hear it
Incorrect
E. have someone say it to you one character at a time and repeat each character as it is heard
Feedback: No, you should repeat the entire sequence as soon as you hear it. (183.2): In the rehearsal condition ... students could recognize the repeated string even after an hour delay filled with listening to other strings.
Answer Key: D
Question 7 of 7 1.0/ 1.0 Points
Q78. (183.1) Which name on this list would be most memorable because of the Von Restorff Effect to someone unfamiliar with college football: Cinncinati, Connecticut, Florida, Louisville, Pittsburgh, Rutgers, Syracuse, West Virginia.
A. Syracuse
B. Pittsburgh
Correct
C. Rutgers
Feedback: Yes, it is the only list item that is not the name of a city or state. (183.1): the distinctive item receives more rehearsals
D. Florida
E. Louisville
Answer Key: C
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Ch 16
Part 1 of 1 - 2.0/ 7.0 Points
Question 1 of 7 0.0/ 1.0 Points
Q93. Suppose you ask someone with medial temporal amnesia to remember Phoenix.
A. For about the next hour, she will be able to recall Phoenix.
Incorrect
B. She will recall being asked to remember Phoenix in response to the sound-alike cue: Fee.
Feedback: No, but a few minutes later, she may say Phoenix when asked to name cities. Priming is usually normal. (195.5): If you ask a patient to remember a word (e.g., butter), and ... 5 minutes later, if you ask him to say the first word he can think of that begins with bu- he is about as likely to say butter as a normal individual who was asked to remember the word.
C. She will recall being asked to remember Phoenix with confidence in response to the cue: city.
D. A few minutes later, she may say Phoenix when asked to name cities.
E. For about the next hour, she will recognize Phoenix, but will not recall it.
Answer Key: D
Question 2 of 7 1.0/ 1.0 Points
Q95. Anterograde amnesia may be caused by
A. Fear
B. Pain
C. Anger
D. Joy
Correct
E. None of the above
Feedback: Yes, anterograde amnesia is not caused by extreme emotion but by bilateral physical damage to the brain. (191.5): Anterograde amnesia is defined as an inability to remember events that occurred after a brain injury.... If certain structures are damaged bilaterally in the interior of the temporal lobes, then anterograde amnesia results.
Answer Key: E
Question 3 of 7 0.0/ 1.0 Points
Q96. What is true about Korsakoffs Syndrome?
A. Very severe alcoholism is sufficient to cause Alcoholic Korsakoff syndrome
B. Alcoholism must be combined with poor eating to create a thiamine deficiency to cause it.
Incorrect
C. Alcoholic Korsakoff syndrome results from damage to the hippocampus
Feedback: No. (194.5): Korsakoff syndrome is the result of a thiamine deficiency coupled with alcohol abuse. When excessive drinking is combined with a thiamine-poor diet, cells in the diencephalon begin to die.... The onset of the syndrome ... is the Wernicke's phase.
D. Korsakoff syndrome results from damage to the fornix
E. Alcoholic-Korsakoffs syndrome is followed by the Wernickes phase of the disorder.
Answer Key: B
Question 4 of 7 1.0/ 1.0 Points
D79. Below are three items from a 15-item word list containing similar items. Which list will be best recalled?
A. vague, well, odd, ... when using verbal rehearsal to learn the list
Correct
B. cat, gem, saw, ... when using visual imagery to learn the list
Feedback: Correct. (187.3): High imagery list items are more likely to be remembered than low imagery list item (187.4): tasks that require visual imagery increase the learning of the imaged items
C. All lists were be learned equally well.
D. cat, gem, saw, ... when using verbal rehearsal to learn the list
E. vague, well, odd, ... when using visual imagery to learn the list
Answer Key: B
Question 5 of 7 0.0/ 1.0 Points
D81. Which movie title would be most memorable?
A. 193MJW
B. Glizzle
Incorrect
C. Jersey Drive
Feedback: No, the title eliciting the most visual imagery is the most memorable. (187.3): High imagery list items are more likely to be remembered than low-imagery list items words.
D. Evil Speed
E. Car-Jacking in Newark
Answer Key: E
Question 6 of 7 0.0/ 1.0 Points
D83. One to remember pairs of words is to create linking sentences for them. Who should you consult for the best linking sentences?
A. a psychology major
B. an English major
Incorrect
C. any fellow student
Feedback: No, you should consult no one. The most effective linking sentences for you are those you construct yourself. (188.2): Bobrow and Bower (1969) found that a linking sentence is a more effective learning tool when the student makes it up for himself.
D. no one
E. the wittiest person you know
Answer Key: D
Question 7 of 7 0.0/ 1.0 Points
D84. What is true about learning high imagery words and nameable pictures?
A. pictures of objects and the words that name them are always remembered equally well
B. Naming words results in better memory for them than mentally imaging their referents
C. an imagery task results in better memory for pictures than naming them
Incorrect
D. words with imageable referents are always remembered better than pictures
Feedback: No, (188.4): both recognition and recall for words was better following the imaginal task than the verbal task
E. imaging their referents results in better memory for words than naming them
Answer Key: E
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Ch 17
Part 1 of 1 - 0.0/ 1.0 Points
Question 1 of 1 0.0/ 1.0 Points
Q97. (196.4-197.4) You ask a person with Alzheimer disease to remember the word leopard.
A. He would recall being asked to remember leopard with confidence in response to the cue animal.
B. When asked to generate animals, he would not show an increased probability of saying leopard after a short filled delay.
C. He would recall being asked to remember leopard with confidence in response to the cue cat.
Incorrect
D. He would recognize but not recall the word after a short filled delay.
Feedback: No, (196.4): Alzheimer's disease ... includes ... anterograde amnesia among its symptoms. (197.4): patients with Alzheimer's disease do not benefit from semantic priming. Hence, the correct answer is: When asked to generate animals, he would not show an increased probability of saying leopard after a short filled delay.
E. He would recognize and recall the word after a short filled delay.
Answer Key: B
Part 1 of 1 - 4.0/ 7.0 Points
Question 1 of 7 0.0/ 1.0 Points
Q99. Alzheimer's disease occurs as the result of
A. a single large stroke blocking blood flow to the hyppocampus
B. generalized oxygen deprivation to the brain
C. excessive neural death as the result of aging
D. plaques and tangles forming in the cortex
Incorrect
E. many small strokes occuring over time throughout the cortex
Feedback: No, it is the result of plaques and tangles forming in the cortex. (196.4): Alzheimer's disease eventually comes to include damage throughout the temporal cortex, including the medial cortex. Alzheimer's disease occurs when bits of protein that should be broken down and discarded accumulate as tangles and plaques within and between neurons.
Answer Key: D
Question 2 of 7 1.0/ 1.0 Points
Q101. What are symptoms of Huntington's disease?
A. Impaired motor skill learning
B. Impaired verbal fluency
C. Impaired recall
Correct
D. All of the above
Feedback: Correct. (197.5): motor skill learning is impaired. (197.6): Since recall is impaired, Huntington's patients are impaired in verbal fluency.
E. None of the above
Answer Key: D
Question 3 of 7 1.0/ 1.0 Points
Q102. Huntington's disease is the result of deterioration in part of the
A. memory cortex
B. limbic system
C. thalamus
D. temporal cortex
Correct
E. basal ganglia
Feedback: Correct. (197.5): Because of the deterioration of the basal ganglia
Answer Key: E
Question 4 of 7 1.0/ 1.0 Points
D85. Professional actors learn their lines by
A. By interacting with other actors during rehearsal
B. Memorizing their own part through verbal repetition before rehearsal with other actors
C. Using linking sentence mnemonics that link the previous line to theirs
D. Using interactive images of each scene
Correct
E. Imagining they are their character after reading the script
Feedback: Correct. (216.7): actors ... read the script many times, trying to infer the motivation behind each utterance. All the actors stressed the importance of identifying the underlying meaning and of explaining why the character said those exact words.
Answer Key: E
Question 5 of 7 0.0/ 1.0 Points
D87. A mnemonists ability is based on part upon
Incorrect
A. compensation for a deficit in some other cognitive ability
Feedback: No, all skills depend on practice. A mnemonists ability is based on part upon a highly practiced mnemonic. (216.5): All three mnemonists used strategies that improve recall for average individuals as well. Their abilities are based on two major factors. First, each store in memory a vast body of knowledge about a specialized area. Second, both were highly practiced in using the knowledge to facilitate encoding. Such knowledge and skills seem to be the kind of thing that could be learned with extensive practice.
B. hyper-emotionality
C. an enlarged hippocampus
D. a highly practiced mnemonic
E. autistic obsession with repetition
Answer Key: D
Question 6 of 7 0.0/ 1.0 Points
D89. Harry Bahrick and his family found that five years later, the English translations of the most foreign vocabulary words were remembered when the words had been studied
Incorrect
A. every day
Feedback: No, the most words were remembered when the training interval was 56 days. (179.3): Intervals between training sessions were 14, 28, and 56 days. ... Recall of different words was tested at retention intervals of 1, 2, 3, and 5 years.... length of training interval increased recall.
B. every 7 days
C. every 14 days
D. every 28 days
E. every 56 days
Answer Key: E
Question 7 of 7 1.0/ 1.0 Points
D90. Research on the relationship between sleep and learning shows that
A. learning is unaffected if only REM sleep is disrupted
B. adequate sleep is essential during the retention interval between study and test
C. Excessive sleep results in slow retention
Correct
D. a good night's sleep is important immediately following studying
E. a good night's sleep is important before studying
Answer Key: D
The End