You can do it without a quadrature but you still need a index pulse.
If youre using a quadrature encoder and the printer port.
Most people can run a base period of 20us, which is 50khz. Emc2 can count an edge per period. You should be able then to count with a 100ppr-> reading all the edges is 400edges. The max emc should be able to read is 50khz/400edges=125rps=7500rpm. You normally want some headroom though.
If youre using a non quadrature you should be able to double that.
sam